Feline idiopathic cystitis: current understanding of pathophysiology and management.

feliNe idiopathic cystitis: pathophysiology aNd maNagemeNt

Evidence-based Management of the Cat with Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease

Feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD) is not a single disease but rather an umbrella term for several disorders, the most common being feline idiopathic cystitis (FIC), uroliths and urethral crystalline-matrix plugs. Regardless of the underlying cause, it is characterised by dysuria (painful or difficult urination), pollakiuria (frequent and/or prolonged attempts to urinate), stranguria (s...

Clinical evaluation of multimodal environmental modification (MEMO) in the management of cats with idiopathic cystitis.

This prospective observational study evaluated client-reported recurrence of lower urinary tract signs (LUTS) and other signs of abnormalities in cats with idiopathic cystitis after institution of multimodal environmental modification (MEMO). Forty-six client-owned indoor-housed cats with idiopathic cystitis, diagnosed based on a history of recurrent LUTS and evidence of absence of urolithiasis...

Evidence for Bladder Urothelial Pathophysiology in Functional Bladder Disorders

Understanding of the role of urothelium in regulating bladder function is continuing to evolve. While the urothelium is thought to function primarily as a barrier for preventing injurious substances and microorganisms from gaining access to bladder stroma and upper urinary tract, studies indicate it may also function in cell signaling events relating to voiding function. This review highlights ...

Feline Lower Urinary Tract Health: Metabolism and Stress

Lower urinary tract disorders are common in cats. In previous decades, the focus of study has been on causes and management of crystalluria. As struvite crystalluria was successfully addressed through nutritional changes resulting in urine acidification, the frequency of calcium oxalate crystalluria increased. This encouraged emphasis on urine relative supersaturation (RSS), concentration and a...